Water intoxication is a serious condition that healthcare professionals frequently encounter, particularly in intensive care units. It arises when an individual consumes excessive amounts of water too quickly, leading to significant imbalances in electrolytes, particularly sodium. Understanding this condition and its effects on the body is crucial for preventing and managing potential complications.
How Water Intoxication Occurs
The kidneys play a critical role in regulating water and electrolyte levels in the blood. They filter excess water from the bloodstream and help maintain a proper balance of electrolytes. However, when someone drinks an excessive amount of water rapidly, the kidneys may struggle to keep up, resulting in a dilution of sodium levels in the blood. This dilution is known as hyponatremia.
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